Russian Ussr
Hi why the USSR invaded Afghanistan? And how did the Taliban beat the Red Army?
Hi I heard that the reason why the USSR invaded Afghanistan is because oil? And why the Red Army withdraw Afghanistan? Is because the Taliban they where that good? And why people call it the Russian Vietnam? Thanks!
Myth #1: the USSR invaded Afghanistan.
Reality: The USSR had already had a large-scale deployment in Afghanistan for over a year by late 1979, at the request of the Afghan government, the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. The Mujahedin had already been organized and funded by Carter and the CIA, and were shelling Kabul and raising hell. A schism in the PDPA between two factions, the Khalq and Bagram factions, eventually developed to where the Soviets took sides. The Khalq President, Amin, was suspected of being a CIA asset, and was trying to purge the Bagram faction. So the Soviets supported a coup by the Bagram faction and its leader, Najibullah. Carter and Western media quickly called it an "invasion," but it was no more an invasion than the US presence in Saudi Arabia during the Persian Gulf crisis.
Myth #2: the Russians lost.
Reality: They actually left the country with a stable and well-armed government. They suffered fairly high casualties, but inflicted far higher on their opponents. After they left, Najibullah made a series of political blunders and eventually lost control of the country.
Myth #3: The Taliban got their start there.
Reality: The Taliban were not Mujahedin, they were a reaction to the Mujahedin. After Najibullah's fall in 1992, the country entered a state of feudal lawlessness. The ex-Mujahedin became ruthless drug lords or roamed the country in gangs raping and pillaging. The Taliban, mostly Pashtuns who had spent the Soviet war in Pakistan, were not war-weary, and they promised law and order. Just like a tough sheriff in the Wild West, the people flocked to their banner. There was no Taliban when the Soviets were there. The Taliban didn't assume a general Mujahedin role until after the NATO invasion. Now most "Taliban" are just regional Mujahedin.
Myth #4: It was about oil.
Reality: Afghanistan has no oil. Its biggest resource right now is ungoverned land, which allows production of vast amounts of heroin. More important, the land is on the ancient Silk Road which has been right in the middle of everything since the dawn of civilization. And since the dawn of civilization, empires and nations have fought over that land in order to gain control of the major transit route which it sits on. It's one of the most fought-over places on Earth.
Myth #5: Everybody calls it the "Russian Vietnam."
Reality: only people who don't know the big differences call it that. For starters, Vietnam was not a US-friendly state at the beginning, while Afghanistan was a traditional Soviet ally. The American intervention was not at the request of South Vietnam's legitimate government, either. There were also far fewer people killed on both sides. And Vietnam emerged as a successful state at the end, because unlike Afghanistan, the winning side was not immediately abandoned by its patron at the end of the war.
What did the Mujahedin do with the arms Carter and Reagan gave them, well, now they are shooting them at us.
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